- Class 1
- North Dakota law recognizes Class 1 electric bicycles as pedal-assist only with assistance ending at 20 mph and motor power within statutory low-speed limits.
- Class 2
- North Dakota Class 2 allows throttle operation with assistance ending at 20 mph.
- Class 3
- North Dakota Class 3 is pedal-assist only up to 28 mph and carries additional operating limits relative to Class 1/2.
- Helmet laws
- North Dakota applies helmet rules mainly to higher-speed class operation and younger riders; verify exact statutory age thresholds in current code.
- Age restrictions
- North Dakota sets a minimum operator age for Class 3 operation in statute.
- Road access
- Qualifying e-bikes may use roads and bike lanes where bicycles are permitted.
- Trail access
- Class and trail access may be restricted by local authorities and land managers; follow posted path designations.
- Sidewalk rules
- City ordinances control sidewalks.
- Important notes
- Primary references: N.D. Cent. Code §§39-01-01 (definitions), 39-10.1-02–39-10.1-07 (electric bicycle classes). Oil-patch boom towns and college campuses may add ordinances. Educational summary only—not legal advice.